Table 2

Algorithm pseudo-code.

Algorithm hybrid PSO-GA for FCCL warehouse location
Input: Candidate distribution centers, supplier and retailer data, cost parameters
Output: Optimal warehouse location and delivery routes
1: Initialize parameters (population size N, crossover probability Pc, mutation probability Pm, inertia weight w, maximum iterations Tmax)
2: Randomly generate the initial population and encode individuals
3: Evaluate the fitness of each individual (based on total distribution cost objective function)
4: While (iteration < Tmax) do
5: Apply GA selection operator (roulette wheel + tournament) to retain high-fitness individuals
6: Perform crossover operation to generate offspring
7: Perform mutation operation to maintain diversity
8: Integrate PSO mechanism: update velocity and position
9: v(t+1) = w*v(t) + c1*r1*(pbest − x) + c2*r2*(gbest − x)
10: x(t+1) = x(t) + v(t+1)
11: Recalculate the fitness of all individuals
12: Update personal best (pbest) and global best (gbest)
13: Dynamically adjust inertia weight w (decreasing from 0.9 to 0.4)
14: End while
15: Return the global best solution (warehouse location and routing scheme

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