The efficacy of the proposed scheme as applied to a six-effect distillation plant. ○, freshwater yield in a standard four-effect distillation plant at a cooling water temperature of 25 °C; □, freshwater yield of a standard four-effect distillation plant at a cooling water temperature of 32 °C. ◊, freshwater yield and improvement by using our proposed design at 25 °C; ×, freshwater yield and improvement by using our proposed design at 32 °C [4].